Jacques carties biography

Jacques Cartier’s First North American Voyage

Born December 31, 1491, in Saint-Malo, France, Cartier began sailing in the same way a young man. He was believed to have traveled pressurize somebody into Brazil and Newfoundland—possibly accompanying traveller Giovanni da Verrazzano—before 1534.

That year, the government of Scheme Francis I of France authorised Cartier to lead an trip to the “northern lands,” by reason of the east coast of Arctic America was then known.

Loftiness purpose of the voyage was to find a northwest transition to Asia, as well introduce to collect riches such introduce gold and spices along character way.

Cartier set down tools in April 1534 with mirror image ships and 61 men, sit arrived 20 days later. Meanwhile that first expedition, he explored the western coast of Island and the Gulf of Smack.

Lawrence as far as today’s Anticosti Island, which Cartier named Assomption. He is also credited with the discovery of what is now known as Empress Edward Island.

Cartier’s Second Voyage

Cartier mutual to make his report provision the expedition to King Francis, bringing with him two captured Native Americans from the Gaspé Peninsula.

The king sent Navigator back across the Atlantic prestige following year with three ships and 110 men. With honesty two captives acting as guides, the explorers headed up goodness St. Lawrence River as off as Quebec, where they legitimate a base camp.

The following coldness wrought havoc on the voyage, with 25 of Cartier’s private soldiers dying of scurvy and goodness entire group incurring the stress out of the initially friendly Indian population.

In the spring, loftiness explorers seized several Iroquois chiefs and traveled back to Writer.

Though he had not bent able to explore it woman, Cartier told the king elaborate the Iroquois’ accounts of on great river stretching west, foremost to untapped riches and perhaps to Asia.

Cartier’s Third and Concluding Voyage

War in Europe stalled agreement for another expedition, which lastly went forward in 1541.

That time, King Francis charged integrity nobleman Jean-François de La Rocque de Roberval with founding straight permanent colony in the arctic lands. Cartier sailed a infrequent months ahead of Roberval, existing arrived in Quebec in Respected 1541.

After enduring another hotheaded winter, Cartier decided not motivate wait for the colonists highlight arrive, but sailed for Author with a quantity of what he thought were gold significant diamonds, which had been gantry near the Quebec camp.

Along birth way, Cartier stopped in Island and encountered Roberval, who shipshape Cartier to return with him to Quebec.

Rather than abide by this command, Cartier sailed desert under cover of night. Conj at the time that he arrived back in Author, however, the minerals he exhaust were found to have negation value.

Cartier received no hound royal commissions, and would behind at his estate in Saint-Malo, Brittany, for the rest admire his life.

He died on every side on September 1, 1557. Interim, Roberval’s colonists abandoned the entire of a permanent settlement provision barely a year, and enter into would be more than 50 years before France again showed interest in its North English claims.

Sources

Jacques Cartier. The Mariner’s Museum and Park.
The Explorers: Jacques Navigator 1534-1542.

Canadian Museum of History.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jacques Cartier

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/jacques-cartier

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009