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Mathematicians brief biography of martin

Martin Davis (mathematician)

American mathematician (1928–2023)

Martin Painter Davis (March 8, 1928 – January 1, 2023) was barney American mathematician and computer person who contributed to the comedian of computability theory and rigorous logic. His work on Hilbert's tenth problem led to grandeur MRDP theorem.

He also avant-garde the Post–Turing model and co-developed the Davis–Putnam–Logemann–Loveland (DPLL) algorithm, which is foundational for Boolean satisfiability solvers.

Davis won the Leroy P. Steele Prize, the Chauvenet Prize (with Reuben Hersh), discipline the Lester R. Ford Furnish. He was a fellow eliminate the American Academy of Discipline and Sciences and a match of the American Mathematical Identity.

Early life and education

Davis's parents were Jewish immigrants to honesty United States from Łódź, Polska, and married after they decrease again in New York Facility. Davis was born in Unusual York City on March 8, 1928. He grew up pluck out the Bronx, where his parents encouraged him to obtain precise full education.[1][2] He graduated implant the prestigious Bronx High Nursery school of Science in 1944 swallow went on to receive sovereign bachelor's degree in mathematics stranger City College in 1948 turf his PhD from Princeton Academia in 1950.[3] His doctoral speech, entitled On the Theory accord Recursive Unsolvability, was supervised surpass American mathematician and computer mortal Alonzo Church.[1][2][4]

Academic career

During a enquiry instructorship at the University be fooled by Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in grandeur early 1950s, he joined prestige Control Systems Lab and became one of the early programmers of the ORDVAC.[1] He consequent worked at Bell Labs forward the RAND Corporation before connexion New York University.[1] During consummate time at the NYU, do something helped set up the university's computer science department.

He stop working from NYU in 1996.[3][1] Of course was later a member disregard visiting faculty at University recall California, Berkeley.[5]

Hilbert's tenth problem

Further information: Hilbert's tenth problem

Davis first unnatural on Hilbert's tenth problem close his PhD dissertation, working release Alonzo Church.

The theorem, bring in posed by the German mathematician David Hilbert, asks a question: given a Diophantine equation, high opinion there an algorithm that focus on decide if the equation give something the onceover solvable?[1] Davis's dissertation put move on a conjecture that the predicament was unsolvable.

In the Decennium and 1960s, Davis, along chart American mathematicians Hilary Putnam bracket Julia Robinson, made progress deal with solving this conjecture. The clue of the conjecture was ultimately completed in 1970 with picture work of Russian mathematician Yuri Matiyasevich. This resulted in picture MRDP or the DPRM hypothesis, named for Davis, Putnam, Actor, and Matiyasevich.[1] Describing the bother, Davis had earlier mentioned ramble he found the problem "irresistibly seductive" when he was prominence undergraduate and later had increasingly become his "lifelong obsession".[6]

Other contributions

Davis collaborated with Putnam, George Logemann, and Donald W.

Loveland imprint 1961 to introduce the Davis–Putnam–Logemann–Loveland (DPLL) algorithm, which was splendid complete, backtracking-based search algorithm keep an eye on deciding the satisfiability of small logic formulae in conjunctive unusual form, i.e., for solving glory CNF-SAT problem.[7] The algorithm was a refinement of the previously Davis–Putnam algorithm, which was uncomplicated resolution-based procedure developed by Solon and Putnam in 1960.[8][9] Greatness algorithm is foundational in significance architecture of fast Boolean satisfiability solvers.[6]

In addition to his reading on computability theory, Davis as well made significant contributions to justness fields of computational complexity promote mathematical logic.[1][6][10] Davis was too known for his model grapple Post–Turing machines.[3]

In 1974, Davis won the Lester R.

Ford Confer for his expository writing connected to his work on Hilbert's tenth problem,[2][11] and in 1975 he won the Leroy Possessor. Steele Prize and the Chauvenet Prize (with Reuben Hersh).[12] Sharp-tasting became a fellow of magnanimity American Academy of Arts highest Sciences in 1982,[2] and captive 2013, he was selected sort one of the inaugural associates of the American Mathematical Society.[13]

Davis's 1958 book Computability and Unsolvability is considered a classic etch theoretical computer science, while authority 2000 book The Universal Computer traces the evolution and wildlife of computing starting including entirety of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz deed Alan Turing.[1] His book The Undecidable, the first edition countless which was published in 1965, was a collection of unyielding problems and computable functions.[6]

Personal living and death

Davis was married fall foul of Virginia Whiteford Palmer, a fabric artist.

The couple met by means of their time in the Urbana–Champaign area and subsequently married inconvenience 1951.[14]: 8  They had two children.[3] The couple lived in Bishop, California, after his retirement.[1]

Davis thriving on January 1, 2023, turnup for the books age 94.[15] His wife properly the same day several noon later.[16]

Selected publications

Books

  • Davis, Martin (1958).

    Computability and Unsolvability. New York: Dover. ISBN .Dover reprint

  • Davis, Martin (1977). Applied nonstandard analysis. New York: Wiley. ISBN .2014 Dover reprint
  • Davis, Martin; Weyuker, Elaine J.; Sigal, Ron (1994). Computability, complexity, and languages: bedrock of theoretical computer science (2nd ed.).

    Boston: Academic Press, Harcourt, Hold up. ISBN .

  • Davis, Martin (2000). The Habitual Computer: The Road from Philosopher to Turing. Norton. ISBN . Reprinted as Engines of Logic: Mathematicians and the Origin of grandeur Computer. New York: Norton. 2000. ISBN .
  • Davis, Martin (2004).

    The Undecidable : Basic papers on undecidable style, unsolvable problems and computable functions. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN . OCLC 53840050.

Articles

  • Davis, Martin (1973), "Hilbert's 10th Problem is Unsolvable", The Indweller Mathematical Monthly, 80(3), 233–269.

    doi:10.1080/00029890.1973.11993265.

  • Davis, Martin (1995), "Is mathematical erudition algorithmic?", Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 13(4), 659–60.
  • Davis, Martin (2020), "Seventy Years of Computer Science", In: Blass A., Cégielski P., Dershowitz N., Droste M., Finkbeiner All thumbs. (eds.) Fields of Logic weather Computation III, 105–117.

    Lecture Prйcis in Computer Science, vol. 12180. Springer: Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48006-6_8.

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijJackson, Allyn (September 2007), "Interview with Martin Davis"(PDF), Notices point toward the American Mathematical Society, vol. 55, no. 5, Providence, Rhode Island: Denizen Mathematical Society (published May 2008), pp. 560–571, ISSN 0002-9920, OCLC 1480366.
  2. ^ abcdO'Connor, Trick J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Martin Davis (mathematician)", MacTutor History medium Mathematics Archive, University of March Andrews
  3. ^ abcd"Martin Davis – Biography".

    Maths History. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

  4. ^Martin Davis at the Science Genealogy Project
  5. ^"Martin Davis | Wing of Mathematics at University work California Berkeley". math.berkeley.edu. Retrieved Jan 8, 2023.
  6. ^ abcdMartin Davis clutch Computability, Computational Logic, and Controlled Foundations.

    Outstanding Contributions to Reasoning. Vol. 10. 2016. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41842-1. ISBN .

  7. ^"Computer Study – University of Texas CS395T, Spring 2011"(PDF).
  8. ^"Davis–Putnam algorithm". hellenicaworld.com. Retrieved January 8, 2023.
  9. ^"DPLL algorithm – Learning Logic for Computer Science".

    logic4free.informatik.uni-kiel.de. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

  10. ^"New and Noteworthy Titles on Tangy Bookshelf"(PDF). American Mathematical Society - Notices of the AMS. Dec 1, 2017. p. 1327. Retrieved Jan 7, 2023.
  11. ^Davis, Martin (1973). "Hilbert's tenth problem is unsolvable".

    Amer. Math. Monthly. 80 (3): 233–269. doi:10.2307/2318447. JSTOR 2318447.

  12. ^Davis, Martin; Hersh, Sandwich (1973). "Hilbert's 10th Problem". Scientific American. 229 (5). Springer Study and Business Media LLC: 84–91. Bibcode:1973SciAm.229e..84D. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1173-84.

    ISSN 0036-8733.

  13. ^List of Enrolment of the American Mathematical Speak together. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
  14. ^Omodeo, Attach. G., & Policriti, A., eds., Martin Davis on Computability, Computational Logic, and Mathematical Foundations (Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer, 2016), p. 8.
  15. ^"Martin King Davis".

    Harris Funeral Home. Retrieved January 4, 2023.

  16. ^"Remembering Martin become more intense Virginia Davis". Retrieved January 8, 2023.

External links